CEMSO (catalyst enhanced molten salt oxidation) for complete and continuous pyrochemical reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel: an overview of a viable new technology for next generation nuclear reactors / Griffiths T.R., Volkovich V.A., Carper W.R. // ECS Transactions. - 2007. - V. 3, l. 35. - P. 467-482.

ISSN:
19385862
Type:
Conference Paper
Abstract:
Catalyst Enhanced Molten Salt Oxidation provides a rapid and efficient separation and recycling technology for spent nuclear fuel. Air bubbled into molten carbonate creates peroxide and superoxide ions and addition of a small amount of nitrate acts as a catalyst that maintains and increases their concentration. Density Functional Theory calculations have confirmed that an adduct is formed between peroxide and nitrate, as the first step in superoxide formation. Uranium dioxide (powder and ceramic) is completely oxidized to insoluble uranates by air sparging in molten carbonates, (solubility of uranates ca. 200 ppm). After removing uranates the fission product elements in solution can be precipitated (>97% efficiency) as phosphates, in ca. 3h, and the carbonate melt re-cycled. The application of CEMSO to both reprocessing and radioactive waste is a valuable tool and technique and fully applicable to current decommissioning and future nuclear reactor technology. Areas needing further research are identified. copyright The Electrochemical Society.
Author keywords:
Index keywords:
Air sparging; Carbonate melt; Concentration (composition); Density functional theory (DFT) calculations; Electrochemical Society (ECS); Fission product (FP) elements; International symposium; Molten c
DOI:
10.1149/1.2798690
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Affiliations Redston Trevor Consulting Limited, Leeds, LS17 8RF, United Kingdom; Department of Rare Metals, Ural State Technical University - UPI, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russian Federation; Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260-0051, United States
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Correspondence Address Griffiths, T. R.; Redston Trevor Consulting Limited, Leeds, LS17 8RF, United Kingdom
Sponsors Electrochemical Society, Phys. Anal. Electrochem. Div.;Electrochemical Society, Electrodeposition Division;Electrochemical Society, High Temperature Materials Division;Electrochemical Society, Battery Division;Electrochemical Society, Energy Technology Division
Conference name 15th International Symposium on Molten Salts - 210th ECS Meeting
Conference date 29 October 2006 through 3 November 2006
Conference location Cancun
Conference code 72280
ISBN 9781566775922
Language of Original Document English
Abbreviated Source Title ECS Transactions
Source Scopus